从文献文本比较看明清汉语“把/ 将”字处置式特性
Explore the Characteristics of Ba (把) /Jiang (将) Disposal Construction in the Ming-Qing Dynasties by Literature Text Comparison
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Abstract
本文通过汉语文献多文本之间的关联与比较,进一步审视了明清时期的“把/将”字处置式使用情况。比
较发现:相对于“SVO”语序的句子,“S把OV”句式只是近代汉语常用句式中的一小部分;与南方文献比较,北
方文献更倾向于使用“S把OV”句,清代北方话还会多用“S把O给V”句;与“将”字句的典雅语体色彩不同,
“把”字句更口语化。一部作品的语言风格和地域特色,可以借助“把/将”字处置式的使用情况来辅助判定。
Abstract
Through the multi-text correlation and comparison of Chinese literature, this study further examines
“Ba (把) /Jiang (将)” disposal construction in the Ming-Qing dynasties. Several fi ndings after comparison are listed
below. Relative to SVO sentences, “S- Ba (把) -OV” is just a small part of common patterns. Compared to southern
documents, northern literatures tend to use “S-Ba (把) -OV” / “S- Ba (把) -O-Gei (给) -V” . In contrast with the
graceful stylistic of the Jiang (将) -construction, Ba (把) -construction is more colloquial. The language style and
regional features of a work can be revealed via the usage of Ba (把) / Jiang (将) -construction.
Keywords
明清汉语; “把/将”字处置式;特性;比较研究
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Fund
国家社科基金一般项目“满汉双语比较下的《清文指要》语言接触与变异研究”(18BYY160)
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